The demonstrators chanted anti-regime slogans and called for the immediate release of the prisoners during the rallies on Tuesday.
At least five medical personnel, who have been in prison since early October, went on hunger strike on Sunday to urge international efforts for their release.
They were among 20 doctors and nurses, who were working in Manama during the uprising against the Al Khalifa regime.
Bahrain’s Court of Cassation has rejected the appeals filed by nine of the medics and upheld their prison sentences ranging between one month and five years.
The Bahraini authorities charged the medical workers with using hospitals for anti-government activities, possession of weapons, and theft of medical equipment — claims they denied. The medical workers say the government is only punishing them for treating people who had taken part in demonstrations.
Bahrain’s revolution started in mid-February 2011 when demonstrators, inspired by the revolutions of Tunisia and Egypt, started holding massive anti-regime protests.
Dozens of people have been killed in the regime’s crackdown on the demonstrations and the security forces have arrested hundreds of protesters.
